Summary of Available Information:
- Gemological Properties: Aquamarine is a blue variety of the mineral Beryl that crystallizes in hexagonal columns. Its color ranges from pale, almost transparent blue to saturated blue-green, caused by minor traces of iron. It has a Mohs hardness of 7.5 to 8, making it durable for jewelry. It is noted for exceptional clarity and few inclusions. Heat treatment is a common and accepted industry practice to enhance its color.
- Origins and Sources: It is found in the United States, Brazil, Australia, and various African countries, though the highest quality specimens currently come from Pakistan and Afghanistan. It is often found associated with Muscovite.
- History and Lore: The name derives from the Latin aqua marina ("sea water"). It has been used for over 2,000 years, with recorded use in Greece around 400 B.C. Ancient Greeks and Romans used it as a "sailor's gem" for protection at sea and to prevent seasickness. Middle Age beliefs suggested that spherical cuts of the stone had divinatory properties. It is also linked to mermaid legends and is associated with Mary in Christianity.
- Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs: It is viewed as a stone of calm, clarity, and communication. It is believed to aid in public speaking, resolve conflicts, and cool fiery emotions. Metaphysically, it is said to open the channel between the heart and throat chakras.
- Physical Benefits: Traditionally, it is considered a healing stone for the immune system, respiratory issues, and sore throats.