Aquamarine, a gemstone celebrated for its serene hues reminiscent of the sea, holds a prominent place in the world of birthstones. Primarily recognized as the birthstone for March, it also appears as one of the options for December, alongside Tanzanite, Zircon, and Turquoise. This article delves into the history, geological origins, gemological properties, symbolism, and care of aquamarine, drawing exclusively from available sources.
History and Lore
The name “aquamarine” itself is derived from the Latin words aqua and marine, directly translating to “sea water.” This etymology reflects the gem’s most striking characteristic – its captivating blue to blue-green coloration. Ancient lore attributed protective qualities to aquamarine, particularly for sailors. It was believed to calm turbulent sea waves and ensure safe voyages, a belief stemming from its association with the ocean’s tranquility. Beyond maritime protection, some traditions link aquamarine to marital happiness and superior intellect.
While aquamarine enjoys a long history, its modern recognition as a birthstone is relatively recent. The official birthstone list, as it exists today in the United States, was established in 1912 by the American National Retail Jewelers Association, now known as Jewelers of America. This standardization helped popularize the association of specific gemstones with each month of the year, solidifying aquamarine’s position as the March birthstone.
Aquamarine as a December Birthstone
While primarily recognized as the March birthstone, aquamarine also appears as an alternative option for those born in December. This inclusion expands the choices available to individuals seeking a gemstone that resonates with their birth month. December traditionally boasts three birthstones – Tanzanite, Zircon, and Turquoise – with Blue Topaz also frequently listed. The addition of aquamarine provides further diversity and allows for personalized selection based on preference and budget.
Geological Formation and Sources
Aquamarine belongs to the beryl family, sharing its mineral composition with the emerald. Both gemstones are varieties of beryllium aluminum cyclosilicate. The sea-blue to green palette of aquamarine distinguishes it from the green hues of emerald.
The primary sources for aquamarine are geographically diverse. Significant deposits are found in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, a region renowned for its gemstone production. However, substantial quantities are also mined in Pakistan, Kenya, Nigeria, Zambia, China, Myanmar, Russia, and Ukraine. This widespread distribution contributes to its relative availability and moderate price point, making it an accessible gemstone for jewelry enthusiasts.
Gemological Properties
Aquamarine is characterized by its transparency and clarity, often appearing free from visible inclusions when faceted. This clarity, combined with its pleasing color, contributes to its appeal. Its durability is a key factor in its suitability for jewelry. Aquamarine is durable enough to serve as an engagement ring gem, with a Mohs hardness of 7.5 or higher, which means that it will rarely come in contact with an object that will abrade it. Placed in a mounting that provides proper protection, aquamarine should be able to withstand decades of wear.
When selecting an aquamarine, several factors are key to consider: * Cut: A well-cut aquamarine gemstone will maximize its brilliance. This enhances its natural color. Popular cuts include oval, emerald, and cushion shapes, which highlight the stone's clarity and sparkle. * Color: Look for a vibrant blue or blue-green hue. Deeper shade blue typically indicates a higher-quality stone. * Clarity: High-quality Aquamarines are transparent with minimal inclusions. Stones with visible flaws or cloudiness may be less valuable. * Size: Larger stones often exhibit more intense color, making them particularly desirable for statement pieces like pendants and rings.
Comparative Durability for Jewelry
The following table summarizes the Mohs hardness of aquamarine compared to other durable birthstones suitable for engagement rings, based on the provided source information.
| Birthstone | Month | Mohs Hardness (Minimum) | Suitability for Daily Wear |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aquamarine | March | 7.5+ | Excellent (with proper mounting) |
| Ruby | July | 7.5+ | Excellent (with proper mounting) |
| Sapphire | September | 7.5+ | Excellent (with proper mounting) |
| Alexandrite | June | 7.5+ | Excellent (with proper mounting) |
| Spinel | August | 7.5+ | Excellent (with proper mounting) |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Aquamarine carries special meaning for March-born individuals, symbolizing clarity and renewal. Its historical lore, tied to the sea, extends its symbolism to themes of calm, courage, and protection. While its association with sailors is a well-documented historical belief, its modern symbolism often emphasizes emotional balance and soothing energy, aligning with its tranquil color.
Care and Cleaning
Like all jewelry, aquamarine requires proper care to maintain its brilliance and prevent damage. Routine cleaning can be performed with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, and steam cleaners, as these can potentially damage the stone or its setting. For buying, it is advised to look for a vibrant blue or blue-green hue, as deeper shades typically indicate higher-quality stones. High-quality aquamarines are transparent with minimal inclusions.
Market Value and Popularity
The provided sources indicate that aquamarine ranks among the more popular birthstones, holding the eighth position in terms of frequency. While not as rare or expensive as some other gemstones like diamonds or sapphires, aquamarine maintains a consistent demand in the jewelry market. Its appealing color, durability, and relative affordability contribute to its widespread appeal.
Aquamarine and Anniversaries
Aquamarine is also associated with significant milestones beyond birthdays. It is the traditional gift for celebrating the 19th wedding anniversary, symbolizing enduring love and lasting commitment.
Conclusion
Aquamarine's historical significance, geological origins, and gemological properties combine to create a gemstone of enduring appeal. Whether celebrated as the birthstone for March or chosen as an alternative for December, aquamarine continues to enchant jewelry enthusiasts and collectors alike. Its relative accessibility, combined with its serene beauty, ensures its continued popularity for generations to come.