August is a month defined by the height of summer, a period of vibrant energy and long, sunlit days. The birthstones associated with this month—peridot, spinel, and sardonyx—perfectly encapsulate this spirit, offering a diverse spectrum of colors, histories, and symbolic meanings. While peridot stands as the most iconic and widely recognized gem for those born in August, the official designation includes two other compelling stones: the brilliantly versatile spinel and the ancient, banded sardonyx. This rich selection provides August-born individuals with a unique opportunity to choose a gemstone that not only reflects the season but also resonates with their personal style and character.
The modern list of birthstones, curated by organizations such as the American Gem Trade Association (AGTA) and Jewelers of America (JA), has evolved over time. Sardonyx is the traditional August birthstone, a nod to its ancient significance. Peridot was officially recognized as the primary August stone in 1912, and spinel was added as a modern alternative in 2016. This expansion was designed to offer consumers greater variety in color, affordability, and availability. From the radiant greens of peridot to the fiery reds of spinel and the earthy, layered tones of sardonyx, these gemstones capture the multifaceted essence of summer.
The Primary Gem: Peridot's Verdant Glow
Peridot is the most iconic and widely recognized August birthstone. Its signature lime-green to deep olive-green color is unmistakable and has been cherished for centuries. This vibrant hue is a direct result of its unique chemical composition, which sets it apart from nearly all other colored gemstones.
A Unique Green from Iron
Unlike most gemstones that derive their color from trace elements like chromium or vanadium, peridot's green is caused by the presence of iron within its crystal structure. Its chemical formula is MgFeSiO₄, and the green hue stems from ferrous iron (FeO). This inherent iron content means that peridot is one of the few gemstones that appears in only one color family, though the intensity and shade can vary significantly. The color can range from a bright, zesty yellow-green, often found in Arizona peridots, to a rich, earthy olive-green seen in stones from Myanmar or Pakistan.
This distinct coloration has made peridot a favorite for jewelry that evokes a sense of nature and vitality. It is often described as reminiscent of fresh summer grass, making it a perfect gemstone for individuals born in the warmer months. Its lively green pairs beautifully with both gold and silver, offering versatility in design for stunning August birthstone jewelry.
Geological Formation and Sources
Peridot is a variety of the mineral olivine. It is unique among gemstones because it is found not only in the traditional veins of igneous and metamorphic rock but also in lava fields. One of the most famous sources is the Hawaiian island of Oahu, where peridot is naturally deposited by volcanic activity. Other significant mining locations include Pakistan, China, Myanmar, and the United States. The stone's presence in the lava fields of Hawaii connects it directly to the fiery heart of the Earth, lending an elemental power to its already vibrant appearance.
Symbolism and Meaning
Peridot is a stone of light and positivity. Its symbolism is deeply intertwined with themes of joy, abundance, and emotional clarity. It is believed to carry a gentle but powerful energy that can help release negative patterns and open the heart to love and forgiveness. For those born in August, peridot is said to boost mood, inspire confidence, and attract prosperity. In certain metaphysical traditions, it is associated with the Heart Chakra, supporting emotional healing and the cultivation of joy. Its traditional significance is linked to wealth and protection from negativity, making it a meaningful choice for jewelry that is more than just decorative.
The Versatile Allure of Spinel
Spinel, the second official August birthstone, is a gemstone of remarkable versatility and often underestimated beauty. For centuries, it was frequently mistaken for other precious stones, most notably ruby and sapphire, due to its wide range of brilliant colors and excellent clarity.
A Spectrum of Hues
What makes spinel especially unique is the sheer variety of hues it comes in. While the most sought-after spinel color is a vivid, ruby-like red, the gemstone appears in a breathtaking palette. Collectors and jewelers can find spinel in soft pinks, fiery oranges, regal purples, deep blues, and even a jet black. Some specimens can even be colorless. This diversity makes spinel an exceptionally versatile choice for jewelry, allowing individuals to select a stone that perfectly matches their personal preference or wardrobe.
The most prized red spinels have historically been sourced from Myanmar (Burma), with other notable deposits found in Vietnam and Tanzania. The Luc Yen region in Vietnam, for example, has been known since the 1980s for producing deep red, purple, and violet-blue spinels, while a 2007 discovery in Tanzania brought attention to pinkish and orangy-red varieties.
Symbolism and Meaning
Spinel is a stone of revitalization and inspiration. It symbolizes energy, resilience, and hope. Its vibrant energy is thought to restore energy levels, inspire creativity, and provide encouragement during challenging times. Unlike the gentle joy of peridot, spinel's energy is more dynamic and renewing. It is a high-energy stone that can help overcome lethargy and instill a sense of vitality. For those seeking a gem with royal history and modern appeal, spinel is an excellent choice, often considered a "great imposter" that has finally stepped into its own spotlight.
The Ancient Strength of Sardonyx
Sardonyx is the traditional August birthstone, with a history that stretches back to antiquity. It is a form of chalcedony, which is a variety of quartz, and is characterized by its distinctive banding.
A Naturally Bold Appearance
Sardonyx is defined by its bold bands of reddish-brown (sard) and white or black (onyx) layers. These alternating bands create unique, earthy patterns in every stone, giving each piece a one-of-a-kind aesthetic. This grounded, rustic appearance makes sardonyx a favorite for vintage-inspired and rustic jewelry designs. The rich, layered tones of sardonyx are not as brilliant or fiery as peridot or spinel, but they offer a sense of history and stability.
Historical Significance and Symbolism
In ancient times, sardonyx was highly prized for its symbolic meaning. It was considered a stone of strength, stability, and protection. Roman soldiers would often wear sardonyx amulets into battle, believing the stone would grant them courage and shield them from harm. It was also used for signet rings, as wax did not stick to its surface, making it ideal for sealing documents.
The symbolism of sardonyx continues to this day. It is associated with strength, stable relationships, and courage. For those born in August who are drawn to protective or symbolic jewelry, sardonyx offers a connection to an ancient lineage of strength and resilience. Its deep, grounding energy is said to provide stability and support, making it a meaningful choice for those seeking a gemstone with a story.
Gemological Properties
Understanding the physical properties of these gemstones is crucial for both collectors and jewelry owners. Each of the August birthstones has a distinct set of characteristics that affects its durability, appearance, and care requirements.
Peridot, as a variety of olivine, has a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7. This makes it moderately durable, suitable for most types of jewelry, but it can be susceptible to scratching if worn daily in rings or bracelets without proper care. It has no cleavage, which means it is less likely to chip or break when struck, but it is brittle and can be damaged by sharp blows.
Spinel is a harder and more durable gemstone, with a Mohs hardness of 8. It also has no cleavage, making it an excellent choice for all types of jewelry, including rings and earrings that are subject to more wear and tear. Its high refractive index gives it a brilliant luster that can rival that of diamonds and other precious gems.
Sardonyx, being a form of chalcedony (quartz), has a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7, similar to peridot. However, its banded structure can sometimes create points of weakness. It is generally durable enough for jewelry but should be protected from hard impacts.
| Gemstone | Mineral Group | Mohs Hardness | Key Colors | Chemical Formula |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peridot | Olivine | 6.5 – 7 | Lime green, olive green, yellow-green | MgFeSiO₄ |
| Spinel | Spinel | 8 | Vivid red, pink, orange, purple, blue, black | MgAl₂O₄ |
| Sardonyx | Chalcedony (Quartz) | 6.5 – 7 | Banded red, brown, and white | SiO₂ |
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of August birthstones. Due to their varying hardness and chemical compositions, each stone requires a slightly different approach.
Peridot: With a hardness of 6.5 to 7, peridot is moderately durable but can be damaged by acids and extreme temperature changes. It is best cleaned using warm water, a mild soap, and a soft brush. Ultrasonic and steam cleaners should be avoided, as the vibrations and heat can cause damage, especially if the stone has been treated or has inclusions.
Spinel: As a harder and more durable gemstone (Mohs 8), spinel is relatively easy to care for. It can be safely cleaned with warm soapy water and a soft brush. It is also generally stable under ultrasonic and steam cleaners, though it is always wise to check for any fractures or treatments first. Its durability makes it an excellent choice for everyday wear.
Sardonyx: Like peridot, sardonyx has a hardness of 6.5 to 7 and should be handled with care. It can be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid harsh chemicals and sudden temperature changes. Because it is a banded stone, it is important to clean it gently to avoid abrading the surface or weakening the bands.
Conclusion
The birthstones of August offer a remarkable journey through color, history, and meaning. From the radiant, iron-derived green of peridot that embodies the joyful energy of summer, to the versatile and revitalizing spectrum of spinel, and the ancient, protective strength of sardonyx, these gems provide a rich palette for those born in this vibrant month. Whether one is drawn to the iconic glow of peridot, the royal history of spinel, or the earthy symbolism of sardonyx, each stone serves as a unique and personal emblem of the qualities associated with August. This diverse selection ensures that every individual can find a gemstone that not only complements their style but also tells a story of light, resilience, and timeless strength.