March is a month of transition, bridging the cold of winter and the awakening of spring. This duality is perfectly reflected in its two official birthstones: aquamarine, with its serene blue hues reminiscent of the ocean, and peridot, glowing with a vibrant green that echoes the renewal of life. These gemstones have been cherished for centuries not only for their beauty but also for their perceived metaphysical properties and historical significance. Contemporary jewelry designer Kendra Scott has embraced these stones with a signature aesthetic that blends timeless elegance with modern versatility, offering collections that highlight the unique character of each gem. This article delves into the rich history and lore of aquamarine and peridot, explores their distinct gemological properties, examines their symbolism and metaphysical beliefs, and discusses the enduring appeal of these March birthstones in modern jewelry, with a particular focus on Kendra Scott’s designs.
History and Lore of March Birthstones
The concept of assigning gemstones to months of the year dates back to ancient times, with roots in Roman and Greek traditions. The earliest known reference to birthstones comes from the Breastplate of Aaron described in the Bible, where twelve stones were said to represent the twelve tribes of Israel. Over centuries, this tradition evolved, and by the 18th century, specific stones were commonly associated with particular months. While the official list has been standardized in many cultures, the historical and cultural narratives surrounding these gems remain rich and varied.
Aquamarine, with its name derived from the Latin aqua marina meaning "sea water," has long been linked to the ocean. In ancient times, sailors believed that aquamarine could protect them from the dangers of the sea and bring them safe passage. This belief has endured, and today, aquamarine is still seen as a stone of protection, particularly for those who travel or work in high-stress environments. Its association with calmness and clarity is deeply rooted in its visual similarity to clear, tranquil waters.
Peridot, a gemstone formed deep within the Earth's mantle and brought to the surface by volcanic activity, has a history that is equally compelling. Often mistaken for emerald in ancient times due to its green hue, peridot was cherished by civilizations such as the ancient Egyptians, who mined it on the island of Zabargad (now St. John’s Island) in the Red Sea. The Romans called it "topazion," which may have contributed to historical confusion with topaz. Peridot’s vibrant green has been associated with the sun and springtime, symbolizing renewal and vitality.
The modern list of birthstones, which includes both aquamarine and peridot for March, was formalized by the American National Association of Jewelers in 1912 and has been updated periodically. This dual-stone designation acknowledges the historical significance of both gems and provides wearers with a choice that reflects their personal connection to the colors and lore of March.
Geological Formation and Sources
Understanding the geological origins of aquamarine and peridot provides insight into their unique properties and availability. Both stones are formed under different conditions, which contributes to their distinct characteristics and mining locations.
Aquamarine is a variety of the mineral beryl, which also includes emerald, morganite, and heliodor. It forms in pegmatites—coarse-grained igneous rocks—where beryllium-rich fluids interact with aluminum and silicon to create beryl crystals. The blue color of aquamarine is caused by trace amounts of iron within its crystal structure. The intensity of the blue can vary, with the most valued stones exhibiting a deep, saturated hue reminiscent of the ocean. Major sources of aquamarine include Brazil, which is the leading producer, as well as Nigeria, Madagascar, and Pakistan. Brazilian aquamarine is particularly renowned for its large crystal sizes and exceptional clarity, making it ideal for faceted gemstones and jewelry.
Peridot, on the other hand, is a variety of olivine, a magnesium iron silicate. Unlike aquamarine, peridot is not formed in pegmatites but in the Earth's mantle. It is brought to the surface through volcanic activity and is often found in basaltic rocks. The gem’s green color comes from the presence of iron in its chemical composition. Peridot deposits are less common than those of aquamarine, with significant sources including the United States (particularly Arizona), Pakistan, China, and Myanmar. The Arizona deposits, especially in the San Carlos Apache Reservation, produce peridot of a vibrant green hue, though often in smaller sizes. The gemstone from Pakistan is known for its larger crystals and exceptional clarity.
The formation processes of these stones highlight their different natures: aquamarine, born from the slow crystallization of mineral-rich fluids in pegmatites, and peridot, forged in the fiery depths of the Earth and delivered to the surface by volcanic forces. This geological diversity contributes to their appeal, offering gemstone enthusiasts two distinct options for March.
Gemological Properties
The scientific characteristics of aquamarine and peridot define their durability, appearance, and value. Understanding these properties is essential for both gemologists and jewelry buyers to appreciate and care for these stones properly.
Aquamarine is a member of the beryl family, with a chemical composition of Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆. It has a hardness of 7.5 to 8 on the Mohs scale, making it a durable gemstone suitable for various types of jewelry, including rings, earrings, and pendants. Its refractive index ranges from 1.567 to 1.590, and it has a vitreous luster. Aquamarine typically exhibits good clarity, with inclusions being less common than in emeralds. The most valued aquamarine stones are those with a deep, saturated blue color, though lighter shades are also popular for their delicate appearance. Aquamarine is not typically treated, as its color is naturally stable, though some stones may be heat-treated to enhance their blue hue.
Peridot is a variety of olivine, with a chemical composition of (Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄. It has a hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, which is slightly lower than aquamarine. This makes peridot more susceptible to scratches and chips, requiring careful handling in jewelry settings. Its refractive index ranges from 1.65 to 1.70, giving it a bright, glassy luster. Peridot is usually eye-clean, with few inclusions, though it may contain small bubbles or fractures that are characteristic of the stone. The color of peridot can vary from light yellow-green to deep olive green, with the more intense green hues commanding higher value. Peridot is not typically treated, as its color is natural and stable.
The following table summarizes the key gemological properties of aquamarine and peridot:
| Property | Aquamarine | Peridot |
|---|---|---|
| Mineral Family | Beryl | Olivine |
| Chemical Formula | Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆ | (Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄ |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 7.5 - 8 | 6.5 - 7 |
| Refractive Index | 1.567 - 1.590 | 1.65 - 1.70 |
| Luster | Vitreous | Vitreous |
| Typical Color | Light to deep blue | Yellow-green to olive green |
| Common Cuts | Oval, round, emerald cut | Round, oval, cushion |
| Treatment | Rarely treated; heat treatment may enhance color | Not typically treated |
| Common Sources | Brazil, Nigeria, Madagascar, Pakistan | USA (Arizona), Pakistan, China, Myanmar |
These properties make both stones suitable for jewelry, though their different hardness levels suggest that aquamarine is more durable for daily wear, while peridot requires more careful handling. The choice between the two often comes down to personal preference for color and style.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Beyond their physical beauty, aquamarine and peridot are deeply imbued with symbolic meanings and metaphysical beliefs that have been passed down through generations. These associations continue to influence how people choose and wear jewelry, adding a layer of personal significance to these stones.
Aquamarine is often associated with calmness, clarity, and protection. Its connection to the sea has led to beliefs that it can calm turbulent emotions and bring peace of mind. In modern metaphysical practices, aquamarine is believed to promote emotional balance and inner peace. It is often used to help individuals overcome anxiety, fear, and self-doubt. Some people wear aquamarine to enhance communication and encourage honesty in relationships, as it is linked to the throat chakra. Additionally, aquamarine is associated with healing, particularly in the throat and respiratory systems. The stone’s serene blue hue is thought to reflect the tranquility of the ocean, making it a popular choice for those seeking emotional stability and clarity in their lives.
Peridot is celebrated for its vibrant green color, which symbolizes renewal, growth, and vitality. It is often called the "stone of the sun" due to its association with warmth and energy. In ancient cultures, peridot was believed to ward off evil spirits and protect against nightmares. Today, it is thought to bring good fortune, abundance, and prosperity to the wearer. Peridot is also associated with the heart chakra, promoting emotional healing and fostering feelings of love and compassion. Some believe that peridot can alleviate stress and negative emotions, encouraging a positive outlook and personal growth. Its connection to the Earth’s volcanic origins adds a layer of symbolism related to transformation and resilience.
The dual symbolism of aquamarine and peridot for March reflects the month’s transitional nature—balancing the calming, protective qualities of aquamarine with the energetic, renewing properties of peridot. This makes them not only beautiful gemstones but also meaningful talismans for those who wear them.
Kendra Scott’s Designs Featuring March Birthstones
Kendra Scott, a renowned name in contemporary fine and demi-fine jewelry, has created collections that highlight the beauty of aquamarine and peridot. Her designs are characterized by clean lines, elegant settings, and a focus on versatility, catering to a wide audience from everyday wearers to collectors.
Aquamarine Jewelry in Kendra Scott’s Collections
Aquamarine is featured prominently in several Kendra Scott collections, with pendants and earrings being the most popular designs. The stone’s serene blue hues are often set in gold or silver, creating pieces that range from delicate and dainty to bold and statement-making. For example, the Rachel Gold Hoop Earrings in Blue Mix incorporate aquamarine alongside organically shaped pearls and gold accents, offering a vibrant and eye-catching design. Another notable piece is the Soothing Rhythm Aquamarine March Birthstone Evil Eye Bracelet, which combines aquamarine with an evil eye charm for added spiritual significance. This bracelet is designed for balance and tranquility, aligning with aquamarine’s metaphysical properties.
Peridot Jewelry in Kendra Scott’s Collections
Peridot’s vibrant green is showcased in various Kendra Scott pieces, often set in minimalist designs that emphasize its color and brilliance. The more intense the green, the higher the value, and Kendra Scott’s designs often highlight this by using simple settings that allow the stone to take center stage. Peridot is commonly used in earrings, pendants, and rings, particularly in designs that celebrate its natural beauty. Due to peridot’s lower hardness, Kendra Scott’s settings are crafted to protect the stone, ensuring longevity and durability.
Kendra Scott’s approach to these birthstones blends traditional gemstone settings with innovative aesthetics, making her collections both versatile and stylish. Whether it’s a simple pendant for daily wear or a bold statement piece for special occasions, her designs offer a range of options that cater to different styles and preferences. The combination of aquamarine’s cool blue tones and peridot’s warm green hues makes these stones ideal for creating complementary jewelry pieces that reflect the dual nature of March.
Care and Maintenance of Aquamarine and Peridot Jewelry
Proper care and maintenance are essential to preserve the beauty and value of aquamarine and peridot jewelry. Given their different gemological properties, each stone requires specific attention to avoid damage and ensure longevity.
Aquamarine Care
With a hardness of 7.5 to 8, aquamarine is relatively durable and can withstand daily wear. However, it is still susceptible to scratches if exposed to harder materials. To clean aquamarine jewelry, use a soft brush, warm water, and mild soap. Avoid harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, and steam cleaners, as these can damage the stone or its setting. Store aquamarine pieces separately from other jewelry to prevent scratches. It is also advisable to have the jewelry inspected periodically by a professional jeweler to check for loose stones or damaged settings.
Peridot Care
Peridot, with a hardness of 6.5 to 7, is more prone to scratches and chips than aquamarine. It should be handled with care, especially in ring settings that are exposed to daily wear. Cleaning peridot jewelry requires a gentle approach: use a soft cloth, warm water, and mild soap. Avoid sudden temperature changes and harsh chemicals, which can cause fractures or damage the stone. Peridot jewelry should be stored in a soft pouch or lined jewelry box to protect it from abrasion. Regular inspections are recommended to ensure that settings are secure and stones are not loose.
For both stones, it is important to remove jewelry before engaging in activities that may expose them to impact or chemicals, such as gardening, sports, or household cleaning. By following these care and maintenance tips, you can ensure that your aquamarine and peridot jewelry remains beautiful and valuable for years to come.
Conclusion
March’s birthstones, aquamarine and peridot, are more than just beautiful gemstones—they are symbols of calm, clarity, renewal, and vitality. With their rich histories, distinct gemological properties, and enduring cultural significance, these stones continue to be cherished in jewelry and personal adornment. Kendra Scott’s designs featuring aquamarine and peridot offer a modern interpretation of these timeless gems, combining elegance, versatility, and craftsmanship. Whether you choose a delicate pendant or a bold statement piece, her collections provide a range of options that celebrate the beauty and meaning of March’s birthstones. For those who wear aquamarine and peridot, these stones serve as more than just accessories—they are reminders of the strength, balance, and harmony they represent.