The Dual Gems of March: An Exploration of Aquamarine and Peridot in History, Science, and Modern Jewelry

The month of March is uniquely symbolized by two distinct gemstones: aquamarine and peridot. This duality reflects the transitional nature of the month itself, bridging the quiet of winter with the awakening of spring. Aquamarine, with its serene blue hues reminiscent of the ocean, and peridot, glowing with a vibrant green that echoes the renewal of life, both embody the spirit of March in unique ways. These gemstones have been cherished for centuries not only for their beauty but also for their perceived metaphysical properties and historical significance.

Kendra Scott, a renowned name in contemporary fine and demi-fine jewelry, has embraced these stones with a signature aesthetic that blends timeless elegance with modern versatility. Her collections featuring March birthstones showcase these gems in a variety of styles, from minimalist pendants to vibrant statement pieces, offering jewelry lovers an array of options to celebrate the month’s symbolic stones.

This article delves into the gemological and cultural significance of aquamarine and peridot, explores Kendra Scott’s designs that incorporates these stones, and discusses the enduring appeal of these March birthstones in modern jewelry. The information is based on available product details and descriptions from Kendra Scott’s official website and select retailers. By examining these aspects, we gain a deeper appreciation for the enduring appeal of March’s birthstones and their role in both historical and modern jewelry traditions.

History and Lore of March Birthstones

The concept of assigning gemstones to months of the year dates back to ancient times, with roots in the Roman and Greek traditions. The earliest known reference to birthstones comes from the Breastplate of Aaron described in the Bible, where twelve stones were said to represent the twelve tribes of Israel. This ancient artifact is believed to have laid the groundwork for the modern birthstone list, though the specific stones and their monthly assignments have evolved over centuries.

Aquamarine’s history is deeply intertwined with maritime lore. The name itself derives from the Latin aqua marina, meaning "sea water," which directly references its captivating blue color. For centuries, sailors and seafarers have held aquamarine in high regard, believing it offered protection against the perils of the ocean. This belief was so pervasive that the gem was often carried as a talisman for safe voyages. Beyond its nautical associations, aquamarine was also thought to be a stone of prophecy and was used in divination practices. In ancient times, it was believed to be a favorite stone of mermaids and was used to create crystal balls for scrying. The gem’s association with calmness and clarity has made it a symbol of tranquility throughout history.

Peridot, on the other hand, has a history that is equally rich, though its lore is more terrestrial. Often called the "evening emerald" because its vibrant green color remains visible in low light, peridot is one of the few gemstones that occurs in only one color. Its history can be traced back to ancient Egypt, where it was mined on the island of Zabargad (now St. John’s Island) in the Red Sea. The Egyptians prized peridot for its beauty and believed it possessed protective qualities, using it to ward off evil spirits and nightmares. It was also associated with the sun god Ra. Peridot has been found in the jewelry of ancient royalty, including the pharaohs, and was later used in medieval churches to adorn religious artifacts. Its association with light and protection has made it a stone of positive energy and renewal.

The modern birthstone list, which standardized the assignment of gems to specific months, was formalized by the American National Association of Jewelers in 1912 and has been updated periodically since. Aquamarine and peridot have both been recognized as birthstones for March, with aquamarine being the traditional choice and peridot often listed as an alternative. This dual designation allows for personal preference and offers a broader range of options for those born in March.

Geological Formation and Sources

Understanding the geological origins of these gemstones provides insight into their unique properties and scarcity. Aquamarine and peridot come from different mineral families and are formed under distinct geological conditions.

Aquamarine is a variety of the mineral beryl, which also includes emerald (green beryl) and morganite (pink beryl). Its blue color is caused by trace amounts of iron within its crystal structure. Beryl forms in pegmatites—coarse-grained igneous rocks that are rich in minerals. These pegmatites are often found in granite or metamorphic rock formations. The most significant sources of high-quality aquamarine include Brazil, which is known for producing large, transparent crystals with deep blue hues. Other important mining locations are Nigeria, Mozambique, and Pakistan. The gemstone is typically mined from hard rock deposits, requiring careful extraction to preserve the integrity of the crystals.

Peridot is the gem variety of the mineral olivine, specifically the magnesium-rich variety. Its distinctive green color comes from the presence of iron within its chemical composition. Unlike many gemstones that form in the Earth’s crust, peridot has a unique origin: it is one of the few gems that can be found in the mantle, brought to the surface by volcanic activity. Peridot is often found in basalts and other volcanic rocks, as well as in meteorites (known as pallasite meteorites). The most famous historical source of peridot is the island of Zabargad in the Red Sea, which was mined by the ancient Egyptians. Today, significant sources include Pakistan, Myanmar (Burma), and the United States (Arizona and New Mexico). The gem is typically mined from open-pit operations or from alluvial deposits where weathered volcanic material has been transported by water.

The geographic origins of these stones contribute to their value and character. Brazilian aquamarine is often prized for its clarity and color saturation, while peridot from Arizona is known for its vibrant olive-green hues. The mining practices for both stones vary, with some sources employing traditional methods and others using modern technology to extract the gems efficiently.

Gemological Properties

The scientific characteristics of aquamarine and peridot define their durability, appearance, and suitability for jewelry. Understanding these properties is essential for gemologists, jewelers, and consumers alike.

Aquamarine belongs to the beryl family, with a chemical composition of Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆. Its hardness on the Mohs scale is 7.5 to 8, making it a relatively durable gemstone suitable for everyday wear. However, it is important to note that beryl has perfect cleavage in one direction, meaning it can be split along certain planes if struck with sufficient force. This property requires careful cutting and setting to avoid damage. Aquamarine typically exhibits a vitreous luster and is transparent to translucent. Its refractive index ranges from 1.577 to 1.583, with a birefringence of 0.005 to 0.009. The color of aquamarine is its most defining feature, ranging from pale blue to deep blue, with the most valued stones showing a medium to medium-dark blue tone. The presence of iron impurities causes the blue color, and the stone is rarely treated, as its color is generally stable. Inclusions are common but can reduce the value if they affect clarity. Popular cuts for aquamarine include emerald, round, and pear shapes, which help maximize the stone’s color and brilliance.

Peridot is a member of the olivine group, with a chemical composition of (Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄. Its hardness on the Mohs scale is 6.5 to 7, which is slightly lower than aquamarine, making it more susceptible to scratches and chips. Peridot has no cleavage but has poor toughness due to its chemical instability. It exhibits a vitreous luster and is typically transparent to translucent. The refractive index of peridot ranges from 1.65 to 1.69, and it has a birefringence of 0.036, which can be observed with a polariscope. Peridot’s color is its hallmark, ranging from yellow-green to olive-green, with the most prized specimens showing a rich, vibrant green. The intensity of the green is directly related to the iron content, with higher iron concentrations producing deeper colors. Peridot is not typically treated, as its color is natural and stable. Inclusions are common and may include small bubbles or fractures, which are characteristic of the stone. Popular cuts for peridot include round, oval, and cushion shapes, which enhance its brilliance and color.

The following table summarizes the key gemological properties of aquamarine and peridot:

Property	Aquamarine (Beryl)	Peridot (Olivine)
Chemical Formula	Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆	(Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄
Hardness (Mohs)	7.5–8	6.5–7
Cleavage	Perfect in one direction	None
Refractive Index	1.577–1.583	1.65–1.69
Color Range	Pale blue to deep blue	Yellow-green to olive-green
Common Cuts	Emerald, round, pear	Round, oval, cushion
Typical Treatments	Rarely treated	Rarely treated

These properties influence how the stones are used in jewelry. Aquamarine’s higher hardness and cleavage make it suitable for rings and pendants, though care must be taken to avoid impacts. Peridot’s lower hardness suggests it is better suited for earrings, pendants, and bracelets where it is less likely to encounter hard surfaces.

Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs

Aquamarine and peridot are not only valued for their physical beauty but also for their symbolic and metaphysical properties. These beliefs have been passed down through generations and continue to influence the way people choose and wear jewelry.

Aquamarine is often associated with calmness, clarity, and protection. In ancient times, sailors believed that aquamarine could protect them from the dangers of the sea and bring them safe passage. This belief has endured, and today, aquamarine is still seen as a stone of protection, particularly for those who travel or work in high-stress environments. In modern metaphysical practices, aquamarine is believed to promote emotional balance and inner peace. It is often used to help individuals overcome anxiety, fear, and self-doubt. Some people wear aquamarine to enhance communication and encourage honesty in relationships. Additionally, aquamarine is associated with healing, particularly in the throat and respiratory systems, and is thought to aid in detoxification. Its connection to the throat chakra makes it a popular choice for those seeking to improve their self-expression and communication skills.

Peridot is renowned for its associations with light, prosperity, and renewal. In ancient Egypt, it was believed to be a stone of the sun, capable of warding off evil spirits and nightmares. Its vibrant green color symbolizes growth, fertility, and the rejuvenation of nature, making it a powerful emblem of spring and new beginnings. In modern crystal healing, peridot is considered a stone of abundance and good fortune, often used to attract wealth and success. It is also believed to promote emotional healing, helping to release past traumas and foster a positive outlook. Peridot is associated with the heart chakra, encouraging compassion and forgiveness. Some traditions hold that peridot can strengthen relationships and bring harmony to the wearer’s life. Its connection to the sun and light makes it a symbol of vitality and energy, often used to combat lethargy and inspire creativity.

While these metaphysical beliefs are not scientifically verified, they remain a significant part of the cultural heritage of these gemstones. Many jewelry buyers choose aquamarine and peridot not only for their aesthetic appeal but also for the personal meaning and intention they attach to them.

Kendra Scott’s Designs Featuring March Birthstones

Kendra Scott, a jewelry designer known for her contemporary yet classic aesthetic, has created a range of pieces that highlight the beauty of aquamarine and peridot. Her designs are characterized by clean lines, elegant settings, and a focus on versatility, making them suitable for both everyday wear and special occasions.

Kendra Scott’s March birthstone collection features the "Light Blue Illusion" stone, which is used to represent aquamarine in her designs. This stone is described as having an iridescent quality that captures light beautifully. The collection includes a variety of styles, such as the Elisa Necklace, Ellie Earrings, and Elaina Bracelet. These pieces are available in different metal finishes, including 14k gold plated over brass and rhodium (silver plated over brass), allowing customers to choose a finish that complements their personal style.

The Elisa Necklace is a standout piece in the collection. It features a small, round Light Blue Illusion stone set in a delicate pendant. The design is minimalist yet elegant, making it perfect for layering with other necklaces or wearing as a standalone piece. The necklace is versatile enough for both casual and formal settings, embodying Kendra Scott’s signature blend of modern and timeless design.

For those who prefer earrings, the Ellie Earrings offer a subtle way to incorporate the March birthstone into their look. These stud earrings feature the Light Blue Illusion stone, providing a touch of color and sparkle without being overpowering. They are ideal for everyday wear and can be paired with other jewelry pieces from the collection.

The Elaina Bracelet completes the set, offering a cohesive look for those who enjoy coordinated jewelry. This bracelet features multiple Light Blue Illusion stones set in a delicate chain, adding a pop of color to the wrist. Like the other pieces in the collection, it is designed to be both comfortable and stylish.

Kendra Scott’s use of the Light Blue Illusion stone is a creative interpretation of aquamarine, offering an affordable and accessible option for those who admire the gem’s color but may be looking for a more budget-friendly alternative. The collection’s emphasis on versatility and modern design makes it appealing to a wide audience, from young adults to mature collectors.

While the provided sources focus primarily on Kendra Scott’s interpretation of aquamarine through the Light Blue Illusion stone, it is worth noting that peridot is also a recognized March birthstone. Kendra Scott’s broader birthstone collection includes peridot for the month of August, as indicated in the product details. This suggests that while the March collection emphasizes the blue hue associated with aquamarine, the designer’s overall portfolio celebrates both stones, allowing customers to select pieces that align with their personal preferences and birth month associations.

Care and Maintenance

Proper care is essential to preserve the beauty and longevity of aquamarine and peridot jewelry. Understanding their gemological properties, particularly hardness and cleavage, informs the best practices for cleaning and storage.

Aquamarine has a hardness of 7.5 to 8 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively durable. However, its perfect cleavage means it can be prone to chipping or breaking if struck with force. To clean aquamarine jewelry, use warm water, a mild dish soap, and a soft brush. Avoid harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, and steam cleaners, as these can damage the stone or its setting. Rinse thoroughly and dry with a soft, lint-free cloth. Store aquamarine pieces separately from other jewelry to prevent scratches, ideally in a soft pouch or lined jewelry box.

Peridot has a lower hardness of 6.5 to 7 and no cleavage but is more susceptible to scratches due to its lower toughness. It is also sensitive to sudden temperature changes, which can cause fractures. Cleaning peridot should be done gently with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and steam, as well as harsh chemicals like bleach or ammonia. Dry the jewelry carefully and store it in a separate compartment to avoid contact with harder gemstones that could scratch its surface.

For both stones, it is advisable to remove jewelry before engaging in activities that could expose them to impact or chemicals, such as gardening, cleaning, or swimming. Regular inspections by a professional jeweler can ensure that settings remain secure and that the stones are in good condition.

Conclusion

Aquamarine and peridot, the dual birthstones of March, offer a captivating blend of history, science, and symbolism. Aquamarine, with its ocean-inspired blue hues, carries a legacy of protection and calmness, while peridot’s vibrant green embodies renewal and vitality. Both stones have been cherished across cultures and eras for their beauty and perceived metaphysical properties, making them enduring choices for jewelry.

Kendra Scott’s designs provide a modern interpretation of these classic gems, particularly through her Light Blue Illusion collection for March. Her approach highlights the versatility and timeless appeal of these stones, making them accessible to a broad audience. Whether chosen for their historical significance, gemological characteristics, or personal meaning, aquamarine and peridot continue to hold a special place in the world of gemstones and jewelry.

By understanding their origins, properties, and cultural significance, enthusiasts and collectors can deepen their appreciation for these March birthstones and make informed choices when selecting or caring for jewelry. As symbols of transition and renewal, aquamarine and peridot perfectly capture the spirit of their associated month, offering beauty and meaning that endure through time.